Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by high cholesterol levels, specifically very high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL, "bad cholesterol"), in the blood and early cardiovascular disease.The most common mutations diminish the number of functional LDL receptors in the liver. Macrovesicular steatosis is the rule; hepatocytes containing one or more large fat droplets displace the nucleus to an eccentric position. Cellular adaptation is the ability of cells to respond to various types of stimuli and adverse environmental changes. Defects in hepatic β-oxidation cause microvesicular steatosis of the liver, increase in oxidative stress due to extramitochondrial oxidative stress. 지방간(脂肪肝, 영어: fatty liver 또는 fatty liver disease (FLD) 또는 hepatic steatosis)은 간세포에 지방이 많이 축적되어 간의 지방함량이 증가하여 나타나는 가역적 질병이다. 지방간은 알코올, 약물 섭취, 생활 습관 등의 다양한 상황에 의하여 일어나며, 특히 비만 및 알코올을 과다 섭취한 경우 쉽게 발견된다. ROS and peroxidation products lead to cytotoxic events, release of proinflammatory cytokines and … Occasional lipid release from rupture of distended hepatocytes may produce a mild localized inflammatory response (lipogranulomas) composed predominantly of macrophages and occasional lymphocytes. Steatosis, steatohepatitis, and phospholipidosis: Steatosis secondary to drug toxicity may be in the form of medium-sized and large droplets (macrovesicular) or small droplets (microvesicular). 4,5,31 o Typical histological evidence of viral infection in these hepatocytes has also been seen; h owever, These adaptations include hypertrophy (enlargement of individual cells), hyperplasia (increase in cell number), atrophy (reduction in size and cell number), metaplasia (transformation from one type of epithelium to another), and dysplasia (disordered growth of cells). 5,29,30 • Several autopsy series have demonstrated SARS -CoV-2 within hepatocytes confirming that direct hepatic infection in COVID-19 occurs. microvesicular steatosis with mild, mixed lobular and portal activity to focal necrosis. 55 Likes, 13 Comments - Residents (@lapmrresidency) on Instagram: “Resident’s Corner: Name: David Huy Blumeyer, MD Year in residency: PGY-4 Where were you born…” Summary.
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